The aerospace sector plays a driving role in research due to the demand for its quality standards and technological innovation. In this sense, the manufacturing processes, technology and materials always stand out at the forefront of R & D & i. Much of the effort is focused on improving the efficiency and power of the aircraft's engines. In this sense, the working conditions to which the components of the propulsion systems are subjected are increasingly severe in terms of temperature, corrosion or thermo-mechanical fatigue, among others.

Considering the above, it should be noted that the materials used in the turbines play a fundamental role in terms of efficiency and performance. Among these materials, nickel-based superalloys, from conventional casting, forging and machining processes, stand out. In order to reduce the waste of raw material when producing these components, this doctoral thesis has advanced in the processes called NNS-HIP (Near Net Shape Hot Isostatic Pressing).

A process in which powder is introduced into a design capsule, the air is evacuated from it and it is hermetically sealed, subjecting the capsule to an isostatic pressing of high temperature and pressure, densifying the powder by means of a sintering process. During this process, the capsule contracts, so this alteration must be accurately predicted if we want to achieve a shape close to the final piece.

The thesis of the engineer Borja Elgezabal has developed a law for materials with elasto-viscoplastic behavior that allows predicting the final shapes of the components after the compaction process and a tool that allows the user to design the optimal geometry of the capsules.